• br Discussion The Pro Ala

  2021-09-14

  

  Discussion The Pro12Ala variant in PPARG has been one of the first candidate SNPs for type 2 diabetes [16], [17]. The rare allele of this variant is associated with a 25% reduced risk for the disease [18]. Given the role of PPARG as both a receptor for NEFA and itself a regulator of fat metabolis

• Aurora kinase B AURKB and haploid cell specific protein kina

  2021-09-13

  

  Aurora kinase B (AURKB) and haploid cell-specific protein kinase (Haspin) are two well-known participants in N-terminal histone H3 phosphorylations during mitosis. A related role played by these kinases relates to the fact that AURKB is activated by Haspin promoted phosphorylation at T3. Irrespectiv

• CF patients can suffer from a

  2021-09-13

  

  CF patients can suffer from a multitude of hepatobiliary problems including gall stones, hepatitis, steatosis and cirrhosis. Hepatobiliary problems are common in pediatric CF patients with reported prevalence rates up to 25% [12,13]. Cystic fibrosis related liver disease (CFLD) was thought to develo

• br Acknowledgment br Introduction Positive

  2021-09-13

  

  Acknowledgment Introduction Positive and negative reinforcement are known as the two pivotal components in various models of drug dependence. Compulsive drug seeking behavior results from both the euphoric effects of drug use (positive reinforcement) and the unpleasant withdrawal signs followi

• Epidemiological studies revealed that vitamin D

  2021-09-13

  

  Epidemiological studies revealed that vitamin D deficiency was associated with a wide range of neuropsychiatric disorders and neurodegenerative diseases, in particular, Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease (Annweiler et al., 2013; Knekt et al., 2010), dementia and cognitive function impairment (Balio

• One effective approach to fine

  2021-09-13

  

  One effective approach to fine-tuning the lipophilicity profile of FFA1 agonists is to ‘decorate’ the 3-phenylpropahoic n-acetyl-l-cysteine scaffold with polar heterocyclic moieties. Alternatively, this scaffold could be replaced with heterocyclic isosteres (as in Takeda’s compounds 1,2 and 3 as we

• Prion diseases are transmissible and result in fatal neurode

  2021-09-13

  

  Prion diseases are transmissible and result in fatal neurodegenerative disorders, which, similar to AD, also involve the infiltration and activation of mononuclear phagocytes in N,N-Dimethylsphingosine lesions (reviewed in [61]). A 21 amino-acid fragment of the aberrant human prion protein, Prp106–

• Rosiglitazone maleate Macrophage populations are prominent i

  2021-09-13

  

  Macrophage populations are prominent in active IBD (Strober and James, 1986) as compared to healthy donors. Further, percentages of macrophages are increased in DSS-induced colitis (Grose et al., 2001, Ogawa et al., 2004). IBD is also linked to an influx of neutrophils and depletion of neutrophils b

• In addition to the regulation of SV exo and

  2021-09-13

  

  In addition to the regulation of SV exo- and 29 8 by Ca2+ influx retrieval of SV membranes depends on the exocytic insertion of SV components into the presynaptic membrane: If exocytic SV fusion in neurons is abrogated by genetic inactivation of the core release machinery (e.g. knockout of Munc18 i

• In conclusion the present study

  2021-09-13

  

  In conclusion, the present study shows that the endothelin system is of importance in the cardiopulmonary vascular pathophysiology of porcine endotoxin shock. In this model, combination of a selective endothelin ETA and a selective endothelin ETB receptor antagonist markedly improved pulmonary circu

• Several studies have indicated that PLD regulated

  2021-09-11

  

  Several studies have indicated that PLD-regulated PA signaling intersects with Rho-mediated cytoskeletal remodeling to drive mesenchymal-like cellular features, and it is known that Rho signaling has the potential to induce YAP/TAZ nuclear activity. Accordingly, Han et al. (2018) provide evidence th

• br Endogenous and synthetic ligands of GPR There are

  2021-09-11

  

  Endogenous and synthetic ligands of GPR55 There are currently limited commercially available synthetic agonists and antagonists that are specific for GPR55. A large number of studies have investigated the pharmacology of GPR55 4, 23, 25, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, with contradictory findings reporte

• br Conflict of Interest Both

  2021-09-11

  

  Conflict of Interest Both GM and BDH are shareholders in Caldan Therapeutics, a company exploring potential novel treatments for type 2 diabetes. Acknowledgments Work described herein was supported by Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council [grant BB/K019864/1)] (to GM) and [gr

• The cytoprotective effects of glyRs

  2021-09-11

  

  The cytoprotective effects of glyRs have been reported to associate with the MAPK (JNK, ERK1/2 and p38) signaling pathways [47], [48]. The present study reveals that suppressive phosphorylation of cRaf-MEK1/2-ERK1/2 is initiated by glycine – glyR α2 interactions in cardiomyocytes. As a central regul

• GPR can signal through not only IP but also cAMP

  2021-09-11

  

  GPR40 can signal through not only IP3 but also cAMP depending upon the type of agonist ligand used. A full agonist engages both signaling mechanisms in contrast to the endogenous long-chain fatty sr9011 receptor (LCFA) ligands and partial agonists. Thus, stimulation of GPR40 by endogenous LCFAs or

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